When Louisa Maria Hardy was born on 30 October 1831, in Bradford, Essex, Massachusetts, United States, her father, Jacob Hardy, was 34 and her mother, Louisa King Kimball, was 22. She married Alvin Moroni Montierth after September 1850, in Pottawattamie, Iowa, United States. They were the parents of at least 1 son. She lived in Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States in 1860 and Farmington, Fulton, Illinois, United States for about 10 years. She died on 27 October 1892, in Santa Ana, Orange, California, United States, at the age of 60, and was buried in Santa Ana Cemetery, Santa Ana, Orange, California, United States.
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"The Black Hawk War was a brief conflict between the United States and Native Americans led by Black Hawk, a Sauk leader. The war erupted soon after Black Hawk and a group of other tribes, known as the ""British Band"", crossed the Mississippi River, into Illinois, from Iowa Indian Territory in April 1832. Black Hawk's motives were ambiguous, but records show that he was hoping to avoid bloodshed while resettling on tribal land that had been given to the United States in the 1804 Treaty of St. Louis."
Convinced that a group of Native American tribes were hostile, The United States formed a frontier militia to stop them in their tracks. Even though Black Hawk was hoping to avoid bloodshed while trying to resettle on tribal land, U.S. officials opened fire on the Native Americans. Black Hawk then responded to this confrontation by successfully attacking the militia at the Battle of Stillman's Run and then left northward. After a few months the militia caught up with Black Hawk and his men and defeated them at the Battle of Wisconsin Heights. While being weakened by hunger, injuries and desertion, Black Hawk and the rest of the many native survivors retreated towards the Mississippi. Unfortunately, Black Hawk and other leaders were later captured when they surrendered to the US forces and were then imprisoned for a year.
Historical Boundaries: 1850: Los Angeles, California, United States
English, French, and Walloon: nickname for a brave or foolhardy man, from Old French, Middle English hardi ‘bold, courageous’. The surname of Walloon origin is also found in the Flemish part of Belgium (mainly in Belgian Limburg). Compare Hard 2.
Irish: in addition to being an importation of the English name, this is also found as an Anglicized form (by partial translation) of Gaelic Mac Giolla Deacair ‘son of the hard lad’.
Americanized form of Swiss German Härdi: from a pet form of an ancient Germanic personal name composed with hard ‘brave, strong’.
Dictionary of American Family Names © Patrick Hanks 2003, 2006.
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