When William Talmadge Armstrong was born on 5 July 1784, in Greenbriar, Chesterfield, Virginia, United States, his father, Robert Armstrong Jr., was 60 and his mother, Sarah Jane Jameson, was 45. He married Justina Laforge on 11 July 1805, in Fleming, Kentucky, United States. They were the parents of at least 4 sons and 3 daughters. He lived in Poplar Plains, Fleming, Kentucky, United States in 1820 and Elizaville, Fleming, Kentucky, United States in 1840. He registered for military service in 1814. He died on 2 March 1854, in Fleming, Kentucky, United States, at the age of 69, and was buried in Brick Union Cemetery, Flemingsburg, Fleming, Kentucky, United States.