When Thomas Washington Randall was born on 27 August 1780, in Colchester, New London, Connecticut, United States, his father, Aruna Randall, was 23 and his mother, Ruth Gates, was 22. He married Ruth Stafford in 1808, in Ellington, Chautauqua, New York, United States. They were the parents of at least 7 sons and 8 daughters. He died on 7 April 1867, in Masonville, Delaware, New York, United States, at the age of 86, and was buried in Masonville, Delaware, New York, United States.