When Mary Carpenter Vaughan was born on 1 February 1812, in Warwick, Warwick, Orange, New York, United States, her father, Holden Brown Vaughan, was 23 and her mother, Elizabeth Carpenter, was 20. She married Luman Harris in August 1839, in New Lisbon, Otsego, New York, United States. They were the parents of at least 4 sons. She lived in New Berlin, Chenango, New York, United States in 1865 and Hillsgrove, Warwick, Kent, Rhode Island, United States in 1880. She died on 29 December 1888, in Warwick, Kent, Rhode Island, United States, at the age of 76.
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With the Aftermath of the Napoleonic Wars the global market for trade was down. During this time, America had its first financial crisis and it lasted for only two years.
During the years 1799 to 1827, New York went through a period of gradual emancipation. A Gradual Emancipation Law was passed in 1799 which freed slave children born after July 4, 1799. However, they were indentured until 25 years old for women and 28 years old for men. A law passed 1817 which freed slaves born before 1799, yet delayed their emancipation for ten years. All remaining slaves were freed in New York State on July 4, 1827.
Convinced that a group of Native American tribes were hostile, The United States formed a frontier militia to stop them in their tracks. Even though Black Hawk was hoping to avoid bloodshed while trying to resettle on tribal land, U.S. officials opened fire on the Native Americans. Black Hawk then responded to this confrontation by successfully attacking the militia at the Battle of Stillman's Run and then left northward. After a few months the militia caught up with Black Hawk and his men and defeated them at the Battle of Wisconsin Heights. While being weakened by hunger, injuries and desertion, Black Hawk and the rest of the many native survivors retreated towards the Mississippi. Unfortunately, Black Hawk and other leaders were later captured when they surrendered to the US forces and were then imprisoned for a year.
Welsh: from fychan, a lenited form of bychan, a diminutive of bach ‘little’. This was often used to distinguish the younger of two bearers of the same personal name, typically the son of a father with the same name.
Dictionary of American Family Names © Patrick Hanks 2003, 2006.
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