When Louisa Mary Hickok was born on 21 March 1830, in Canton, St. Lawrence, New York, United States, her father, Nathaniel Hickok, was 29 and her mother, Sarah Alvord, was 18. She married Joshua Nichols Alvord on 19 November 1850, in Detroit, Wayne, Michigan, United States. They were the parents of at least 2 sons and 2 daughters. She died on 25 December 1859, in Trenton, Clinton, Illinois, United States, at the age of 29, and was buried in Haven Hill Cemetery, Olney, Richland, Illinois, United States.
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The Black Hawk War was a brief conflict between the United States and Native Americans led by Black Hawk, a Sauk leader. The war erupted soon after Black Hawk and a group of other tribes, known as the "British Band", crossed the Mississippi River, into Illinois, from Iowa Indian Territory in April 1832. Black Hawk's motives were ambiguous, but records show that he was hoping to avoid bloodshed while resettling on tribal land that had been given to the United States in the 1804 Treaty of St. Louis.
Convinced that a group of Native American tribes were hostile, The United States formed a frontier militia to stop them in their tracks. Even though Black Hawk was hoping to avoid bloodshed while trying to resettle on tribal land, U.S. officials opened fire on the Native Americans. Black Hawk then responded to this confrontation by successfully attacking the militia at the Battle of Stillman's Run and then left northward. After a few months the militia caught up with Black Hawk and his men and defeated them at the Battle of Wisconsin Heights. While being weakened by hunger, injuries and desertion, Black Hawk and the rest of the many native survivors retreated towards the Mississippi. Unfortunately, Black Hawk and other leaders were later captured when they surrendered to the US forces and were then imprisoned for a year.
Historical Boundaries: 1841: Lawrence, Illinois, United States 1841: Richland, Illinois, United States
English: altered form of Hickock, from a pet form of Hick or a pet form of Hay 4.
History: The surname made famous by the frontier marshal James Butler ‘Wild Bill’ Hickok (1837–76) was introduced to North America by his grandfather Otis Hickok, an emigrant from Ireland who fought at Plattsburgh, NY, in the War of 1812 and started a family in Grand Isle County, VT.
Dictionary of American Family Names © Patrick Hanks 2003, 2006.
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