When Winthrop was born in 1500, in London, England, her father, Adam Winthrop I, was 35 and her mother, Joane Burton, was 34. She married Richard Burd about 1520, in Suffolk, England. She died after 1562, in Suffolk, England.
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Book of Common Prayer, a product of the English Reformation, was published in 1549 for assistance in the administration of the sacraments and other rites and ceremonies of the church according to the use of the Church of England. The book outlined morning, evening, and communion prayers and orders for baptism and marriage, thus making England a truly Protestant state.
The Act of Uniformity was passed by the Parliament of England and required all people to go to church once a week. The consequence of not attending church was a fine of 12 pence, which was a considerable amount for a poor person.
English (Cumberland and Durham): habitational name from any of the places in Lincolnshire and Nottinghamshire called Winthorpe. The former is named with the Old English personal name or byname Wine, meaning ‘friend’, + Old Norse thorp ‘settlement’. The Lincolnshire placename probably derives from the Old English personal name Wine + Old Norse thorp ‘secondary settlement, outlying farmstead’. The Nottinghamshire placename derives from the Old English personal name Wīgmund or the Old Norse personal name Vígmundr + Old Norse thorp.
History: John Winthrop (1588–1649) was the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. He kept a detailed journal, an invaluable source for historians. He was born into a gentry family in Suffolk, England, whose fortunes were founded by his grandfather Adam Winthrop (died 1562) of Lavenham. In 1544 the latter acquired a 500-acre estate that had been part of the monastery of Bury St. Edmunds. John Winthrop was a Puritan who emigrated from Groton, Suffolk, to Salem, MA, in 1630 because of Charles I's anti-Puritan policies. By the time of his death he had had four wives and 16 children, the most notable of whom was his son John (1606–76), a scientist and governor of CT. His descendants were prominent in politics and science, including John Winthrop (1714–79), an astronomer, and Robert Winthrop (1809–94), a senator and speaker of the US House of Representatives.
Dictionary of American Family Names © Patrick Hanks 2003, 2006.
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