When William Gardner was born on 28 February 1826, in Glen Gardner, Hunterdon, New Jersey, United States, his father, Moses Gardner, was 25 and his mother, Mary Smith, was 23. He had at least 3 sons and 2 daughters with Johanna Hedden. He lived in Hunterdon, New Jersey, United States in 1905 and Brooklyn, Kings, New York, United States in 1910. He died on 5 April 1911, in Kings, New York, United States, at the age of 85.
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During the years 1799 to 1827, New York went through a period of gradual emancipation. A Gradual Emancipation Law was passed in 1799 which freed slave children born after July 4, 1799. However, they were indentured until 25 years old for women and 28 years old for men. A law passed 1817 which freed slaves born before 1799, yet delayed their emancipation for ten years. All remaining slaves were freed in New York State on July 4, 1827.
The Camden & Amboy railroad was completed in 1833. It made transportation between New York City and Philadelphia possible within a 7-hour time-frame. This advancement led to dozens of other companies opening railroad lines during the 1800's.
No Civil War battles took place within the state boundaries of New Jersey, but its citizens participated extensively in the war. Volunteers that were turned away ended up serving in the militias of nearby states like Pennsylvania and New York. Whenever President Lincoln requested more troops, New Jersey responded quickly. In total, the state contributed over 88,000 soldiers (6,000 of which died).
English and Scottish: occupational name from Middle English gardener ‘gardener’, Old French gardinier, jardinier.
Americanized form (translation into English) of German Gärtner or Gartner and French Desjardins .
Dictionary of American Family Names © Patrick Hanks 2003, 2006.
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