When Maria Antoinette Downer was born on 29 April 1830, in Bozrah, New London, Connecticut, United States, her father, Uriah Downer, was 33 and her mother, Lucy Anne Fish, was 20. She lived in Forestville, Chautauqua, New York, United States in 1855 and Shrewsbury Borough, Monmouth, New Jersey, United States in 1880. She died in Ocean Grove, Ocean Township, Monmouth, New Jersey, United States.
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Convinced that a group of Native American tribes were hostile, The United States formed a frontier militia to stop them in their tracks. Even though Black Hawk was hoping to avoid bloodshed while trying to resettle on tribal land, U.S. officials opened fire on the Native Americans. Black Hawk then responded to this confrontation by successfully attacking the militia at the Battle of Stillman's Run and then left northward. After a few months the militia caught up with Black Hawk and his men and defeated them at the Battle of Wisconsin Heights. While being weakened by hunger, injuries and desertion, Black Hawk and the rest of the many native survivors retreated towards the Mississippi. Unfortunately, Black Hawk and other leaders were later captured when they surrendered to the US forces and were then imprisoned for a year.
Historical Boundaries: 1849: Monmouth, New Jersey, United States
Abraham Lincoln issues Emancipation Proclamation, declaring slaves in Confederate states to be free.
English (Isle of Wight, Hampshire, and Sussex): topographic name for someone who lived on a hill or down, from Middle English douner, a derivative of Middle English doun (Old English dūn) ‘hill’ + -er. It is synonymous with atte Doune (see Down ) and is a type of formation especially common in Sussex, Surrey, and Hampshire.
English: in the north-West Midlands perhaps a variant of Downward with shortening of the final syllable to -er, a habitational name probably from Downwood (Herefordshire) and perhaps also Dunwood (Staffordshire), with -wood re-etymologized as -ward and occasionally shortened to -ard. See also Downard .
Irish (Tipperary): variant of Dooner 2.
Dictionary of American Family Names © Patrick Hanks 2003, 2006.
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