When John Landerier was born on 6 September 1593, in Constantine, Cornwall, England, United Kingdom, his father, Cudbert Landiryowe, was 31 and his mother, Jenny (Jenye) Nicholas, was 30. He married Margaret Bridget Rogers on 23 October 1614, in Constantine, Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. They were the parents of at least 4 sons and 6 daughters. He died on 11 January 1655, in his hometown, at the age of 61, and was buried in Constantine, Cornwall, England, United Kingdom.
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The Honourable East India Company, a British joint-stock company, was established in 1600 for trade in the Indian Ocean region. At its height, the British East India Company had a private army which was twice the size of the British Army, ruled large sections of India, and revenues in the millions.
The Pilgrims boarded the Mayflower in search of religious freedom in the New World in September 1620. The Mayflower set sail from Plymouth, England, with 102 passengers, 40 of whom called themselves "Saints." After two stormy months at sea, the ship reached the New World. Nearly half of the group died during their first winter due to malnutrition and the harsh New England winter.
A series of conflicts regarding England's governance during the years 1642 to 1651 is now known as The English Civil War. Charles I summoned supporters to join him against his enemies in Parliament. In October 1642, nearly 10,000 men fought for Charles I and chased Parliament across the River Tamar. Fighting continued for years and was finally ended at the Battle of Worcester on September 3, 1651, with a Parliamentarian victory.
Contracted form of Old French Jo(h)anne, from Latin Io(h)anna ( see Joanna ). In England this was the usual feminine form of John from the Middle English period onwards and was extremely popular, but in the 16th and 17th centuries it steadily lost ground to Jane . It was strongly revived in the first part of the 20th century, partly under the influence of George Bernard Shaw's play St Joan ( 1923 ), based on the life of Joan of Arc ( 1412–31 ). Claiming to be guided by the voices of the saints, she persuaded the French dauphin to defy the occupying English forces and have himself crowned, and she led the French army that raised the siege of Orleans in 1429 . The following year she was captured by the Burgundians and sold to the English, and a year later she was burned at the stake for witchcraft at the age of 18 or 19. Her story has captured the imagination of many writers, and she is variously portrayed as a national and political hero, a model of apolitical straightforwardness and honesty, and a religious heroine. She was canonized in 1920 . More recent influences have included the American film actress Joan Crawford ( 1908–77 , born Lucille le Sueur ), the British actress Joan Collins ( b. 1933 ), the American comedienne Joan Rivers ( b. 1933 ), and the West Indian pop singer Joan Armatrading ( b. 1950 ).
Dictionary of First Names © Patrick Hanks and Flavia Hodges 1990, 2003, 2006.
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