When Sarah Osgood Baker was born on 21 September 1779, in Midway, St. John Parish, Georgia, British Colonial America, her father, William Baker Jr, was 30 and her mother, Elizabeth Dunham, was 23.
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Serving the newly created United States of America as the first constitution, the Articles of Confederation were an agreement among the 13 original states preserving the independence and sovereignty of the states. But with a limited central government, the Constitutional Convention came together to replace the Articles of Confederation with a more established Constitution and central government on where the states can be represented and voice their concerns and comments to build up the nation.
As Georgia had been weakened during the Revolutionary War, it was unable to defend its Yazoo lands, or land west of the Yazoo River. Thirty-five million acres were sold to four companies for $500,000 as Governor George Mathews signed the Yazoo Act on January 7, 1795. Angry Georgians protested in the streets as they felt bribery and corruption were involved and the sale was far below market value. The legislation tried to rescind the Yazoo Act, but much of the land had been sold to third parties. The issue made its way to the United States Supreme Court and it was determined that rescinding the law was an unconstitutional infringement on a legal contract. The government took full possession of the territory by 1814 and awarded its claimants over $4,000,000.
A barroom brawl in Savannah on Tuesday, November 12, 1811, had international impact. An American seaman boasted of having joined the crew of a French vessel, likely named La Vengeance. Others became upset at the idea of the American joining a foreign nation and a brawl erupted. The county coroner asked for peace but was beaten with clubs. A second clash occurred the following day when French sailors attacked five American seaman. A day after the second attack, twenty French sailors attacked six Americans. Four of them escaped but two were beaten and stabbed. Jacob Taylor died on the scene and a rigger named Collins died the following day. By Friday, a full scale riot erupted when the French crewmen arrested on murder charges were released. Many were arrested and French ships La Vengeance and La Franchise were burned. In the end, the incident caused disruptions in French-American relations and affected shipping and trade.
English: occupational name, from Middle English bakere, Old English bæcere, a derivative of bacan ‘to bake’. It may have been used for someone whose special task in the kitchen of a great house or castle was the baking of bread, but since most humbler households did their own baking in the Middle Ages, it may also have referred to the owner of a communal oven used by the whole village. The right to be in charge of this and exact money or loaves in return for its use was in many parts of the country a hereditary feudal privilege. Compare Miller . Less often the surname may have been acquired by someone noted for baking particularly fine bread or by a baker of pottery or bricks.
Americanized form (translation into English) of surnames meaning ‘baker’, for example Dutch Bakker , German Becker and Beck , French Boulanger and Bélanger (see Belanger ), Czech Pekař, Slovak Pekár, and Croatian Pekar .
History: Baker was established as an early immigrant surname in Puritan New England. Among others, two men called Remember Baker (father and son) lived at Woodbury, CT, in the early 17th century, and an Alexander Baker arrived in Boston, MA, in 1635.
Dictionary of American Family Names © Patrick Hanks 2003, 2006.
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