When Joseph Swartzwelder was born on 16 November 1831, in Bedford, Pennsylvania, United States, his father, Frederick Swartzwelder, was 51 and his mother, Hannah Evans, was 37. He lived in Monroe Township, Bedford, Pennsylvania, United States in 1850 and Colerain Township, Bedford, Pennsylvania, United States in 1860.
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Convinced that a group of Native American tribes were hostile, The United States formed a frontier militia to stop them in their tracks. Even though Black Hawk was hoping to avoid bloodshed while trying to resettle on tribal land, U.S. officials opened fire on the Native Americans. Black Hawk then responded to this confrontation by successfully attacking the militia at the Battle of Stillman's Run and then left northward. After a few months the militia caught up with Black Hawk and his men and defeated them at the Battle of Wisconsin Heights. While being weakened by hunger, injuries and desertion, Black Hawk and the rest of the many native survivors retreated towards the Mississippi. Unfortunately, Black Hawk and other leaders were later captured when they surrendered to the US forces and were then imprisoned for a year.
Being a monumental event in the Texas Revolution, The Battle of the Alamo was a thirteen-day battle at the Alamo Mission near San Antonio. In the early morning of the final battle, the Mexican Army advanced on the Alamo. Quickly being overrun, the Texian Soldiers quickly withdrew inside the building. The battle has often been overshadowed by events from the Mexican–American War, But the Alamo gradually became known as a national battle site and later named an official Texas State Shrine.
Abraham Lincoln issues Emancipation Proclamation, declaring slaves in Confederate states to be free.
Americanized form of German Schwarzwälder (see Schwarzwalder ).
Dictionary of American Family Names © Patrick Hanks 2003, 2006.
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