When Truman Cole was born on 9 April 1810, in Vernon, Vernon, Oneida, New York, United States, his father, Henderson Cole, was 30 and his mother, Betsy Parmelee, was 26. He married Octavia Gilbert on 3 November 1830, in Pulteney, Steuben, New York, United States. They were the parents of at least 3 sons and 1 daughter. He lived in Centerville, Allegany, New York, United States in 1850 and Yorkshire, Cattaraugus, New York, United States for about 25 years. He died on 2 January 1893, in New York, United States, at the age of 82, and was buried in Delevan Cemetery, Delevan, Yorkshire, Cattaraugus, New York, United States.
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War of 1812. U.S. declares war on Britain over British interference with American maritime shipping and westward expansion.
During the years 1799 to 1827, New York went through a period of gradual emancipation. A Gradual Emancipation Law was passed in 1799 which freed slave children born after July 4, 1799. However, they were indentured until 25 years old for women and 28 years old for men. A law passed 1817 which freed slaves born before 1799, yet delayed their emancipation for ten years. All remaining slaves were freed in New York State on July 4, 1827.
Convinced that a group of Native American tribes were hostile, The United States formed a frontier militia to stop them in their tracks. Even though Black Hawk was hoping to avoid bloodshed while trying to resettle on tribal land, U.S. officials opened fire on the Native Americans. Black Hawk then responded to this confrontation by successfully attacking the militia at the Battle of Stillman's Run and then left northward. After a few months the militia caught up with Black Hawk and his men and defeated them at the Battle of Wisconsin Heights. While being weakened by hunger, injuries and desertion, Black Hawk and the rest of the many native survivors retreated towards the Mississippi. Unfortunately, Black Hawk and other leaders were later captured when they surrendered to the US forces and were then imprisoned for a year.
English: usually from the Middle English and Old French personal name Col(e), Coll(e), Coul(e), a pet form of Nicol (see Nichol and Nicholas ), a common personal name from the mid 13th century onward. English families with this name migrated to Scotland and to Ulster (especially Fermanagh).
English: occasionally perhaps from a different (early) Middle English personal name Col, of native English or Scandinavian origin. Old English Cola was originally a nickname from Old English col ‘coal’ in the sense ‘coal-black (of hair), swarthy’ and is the probable source of most of the examples in Domesday Book. In the northern and eastern counties of England settled by Vikings in the 10th and 11th centuries, alternative sources are Old Norse Kolr and Koli (either from a nickname ‘the swarthy one’ or a short form of names in Kol-), and Old Norse Kollr (from a nickname, perhaps ‘the bald one’).
English: nickname for someone with swarthy skin or black hair, from Middle English col, coul(e) ‘charcoal, coal’ (Old English col).
Dictionary of American Family Names © Patrick Hanks 2003, 2006.
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