When James Cook Bourland was born on 18 May 1831, in Mississippi, United States, his father, Alner McLean Bourland, was 20 and his mother, Rebecca Cook, was 17. He married Ann E Spangler on 21 December 1851. They were the parents of at least 5 sons and 2 daughters. He lived in Arkansas, United States in 1870 and Marion Township, Sebastian, Arkansas, United States in 1880. He died on 21 November 1904, in Fort Smith, Sebastian, Arkansas, United States, at the age of 73, and was buried in Steep Hill Cemetery, Fort Smith, Sebastian, Arkansas, United States.
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Convinced that a group of Native American tribes were hostile, The United States formed a frontier militia to stop them in their tracks. Even though Black Hawk was hoping to avoid bloodshed while trying to resettle on tribal land, U.S. officials opened fire on the Native Americans. Black Hawk then responded to this confrontation by successfully attacking the militia at the Battle of Stillman's Run and then left northward. After a few months the militia caught up with Black Hawk and his men and defeated them at the Battle of Wisconsin Heights. While being weakened by hunger, injuries and desertion, Black Hawk and the rest of the many native survivors retreated towards the Mississippi. Unfortunately, Black Hawk and other leaders were later captured when they surrendered to the US forces and were then imprisoned for a year.
Oldest grave seen in the memorials list.
Arkansas supplied an estimated 50,000 men to the Confederate Army andabout 15,000 to the Union Army.
English (Hampshire): variant of Burland . This surname is now rare in Britain.
Dictionary of American Family Names © Patrick Hanks 2003, 2006.
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